Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 30

Article Review - Essay Example The six styles of leadership have a quantitative effect on every climatic aspect. In a nutshell, the coercive leaders tends to demand immediate compliance, authoritative leaders mobilizes the workers towards the company’s objective, affiliative leaders creates that harmony and comes up with an emotional bond, democratic leaders comes up with consensus through the art of participation, pacesetting leaders sets high level of performance, while the coaching leaders develops the employee for the future. Therefore, from the article, the more styles a leader implements the better the performance of an organization; leading with more than four leadership styles have the best business and climate performance. Some of the six effective leadership styles that should be employed by leaders at the place of work include; authoritative leaders who are able to mobilize individuals towards a vision, coercive leaders who demand immediate compliance, democratic leaders who build consensus, affiliative leaders who creates harmony and emotional bonds, coaching leaders who develop people for the future as well as Pacesetting leaders who expect self-direction and excellence. The listed six leadership styles are often driven by emotional intelligence capabilities such as social skills, social awareness, self-management and self-awareness (Goleman, 2). Executives who failed to utilize emotional intelligence registered less performance and were rarely rated as outstanding. Effective leadership and emotional intelligence are intertwined. Leaders tend to influence the organizational environment in various ways. There are six factors that affect the working environment of the organization. The factors inclu de; sense of responsibility, the level of standards, the clarity of the people, level of commitment, aptness of rewards and its flexibility. For effective

Why should we stay in Afghanistan Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Why should we stay in Afghanistan - Thesis Example orted the Taliban against Soviet Union to make this world uni-polar and now with China threatening to become a super power, staying back would mean US will have more control over the region. Furthermore, Pakistan blames US involvement for the unrest in its country and China supports Pakistan’s claims and wants US to go. Whereas, India pressures NATO forces to remain in Afghanistan, to keep Pakistan engaged at the western border leaving its side to lesser happenings (Bosco, 2012). Considering Osama Bin Ladin was present in Pakistan, and was killed by American Marines in a covert operation in Abbotabad raises questions on its â€Å"ally† status with US against the war on terrorism, as it failed to provide the intel on bin Ladin. Furthermore, President Karzai’s government is incompetent and very corrupt, with an inefficient army that is unable to preserve a secure Afghanistan (Bosco, 2012). If America leaves Afghanistan in this state, there will be political unrest in the country, giving rise to a Taliban insurgency once again. This will bring back same political and security conditions before US hit Afghanistan, and will fail to accomplish what they had aimed, a safer world free of Al-Qaeda. Then there is a threat that if US were to leave Afghanistan abruptly, the resulting Taliban government will commence a mass murder, like the withdrawal of US troops from Vietnam (Woodward, 2011). It is feared that the number of civilians slaughtered by the Talibans would exceed the â€Å"killings of 2 million Cambodian civilians by Cambodia’s uncontrolled communist potentate, Pol Pot† (Austin Bay, Express-News columnist, 2012). The primary argument in favour of leaving Afghanistan is that the US got involved with Afghanistan for two purposes. Drive Taliban out of Afghanistan and end the imposing threat to world peace; secondly, dissipate Al-Qaeda networks and end terrorist threats and attacks on America. They have succeeded in achieving both (Bandow, 2012). Secondly, the

Expansionary Economic Policy Essay Example for Free

Expansionary Economic Policy Essay In economic terms, a recession is defined as a general slowdown in economic activity. In an effort to move the economy out of a recession, the government would implement expansionary economic policies. One action the government would take would include conducting expansionary fiscal policy. The other action taken would be conducting expansionary monetary policy. Both of these actions would have an effect on such things as money supply, interest rates, spending, aggregate demand, GDP, and employment. Expansionary fiscal policy consists of change in government expenditures, or taxes, in order in influence the level of economic activity, inflation, and economic growth (Amacher Pate, 2012). Expansionary fiscal policy is when taxes are cut and government spending is increased. Lower taxes will increase disposable income. The increase in disposable income will lead to higher levels of consumer spending. In theory the more money that consumers spend, the higher the chance for economic growth. Tax cuts will also lead to an increase in aggregate demand. Aggregate demand is the total demand for goods and services is the economy. As stated earlier, a tax cut will increase people’s disposable income therefore increasing the amount of money available for consumption. The increase in consumption would increase the demand for goods and services. This in turn increases GDP (gross domestic product). GDP is the value of the total output that the economy produces in a given time period (Amacher Pate, 2012). The higher the demand that there is for goods and services, the need for employees to produces these goods and services are needed. This increases employment. Lower tax cuts will also increase people’s incentive to work. With lower taxes comes more money to spend from their paychecks. There are arguments, from economists and politicians, regarding the effect tax cuts in fiscal policy will have on the economy. Some economists argue that the effect of future tax cuts will lead consumers to change their saving (David, 2008). Some economists feel that people will save the value of the tax cut that they receive today in order to pay those future taxes (David, 2008). Some politicians feel that tax cuts will have no effect because changes in private saving will offset changes in government saving. Tax cuts allow the government to increase spending on special programs and health care. The increased revenue allows a government to borrow less money or lower government debt. This will result in lower interest rates which are beneficial to everyone involved. What is important to look at though is what the increased spending by the government is going towards. Those against increased government spending say that the government spends foolishly. In order to stimulate the economy, the increased government spending needs to go towards those things that are beneficial to its citizens. An example of this would be if the unemployment rate is high and the government spends on hiring workers to fix the roads, this would help to decrease the high unemployment rate. According to a global poll taken in 2009, an average of three in five citizens (60%) supports the increased spending by the government to help stimulate the economy (Global Poll Shows Support for Increased Government Spending and Regulation, 2009). Strongest support is for investments such as renewable energy, green technology, and giving financial support for troubled industries and companies. Expansionary monetary policy is when a central bank, for example the Federal Reserve Bank (the Fed), uses its tools to stimulate the economy. Often times this means lowering the Fed funds rate in order to increase the money supply. What this does is it increases liquidity which gives the banks more money to lend. The result of this would be lower interest rates. The Fed’s use three tools when conducting monetary policy; open market operations, the discount rate, and reserve requirements (How the Fed Guides Monetary Policy, 2011). The most common tool used is the open market operations tool. This is used to buy or sell government bonds on the open market. It is used to manipulate the short term interest rate and the supply of base money in an economy. The discount rate is the interest rate a Reserve Bank charges eligible financial institutions to borrow funds on a short term basis (How the Fed Guides Monetary Policy, 2011). A higher discount rate can indicate a more restrictive policy, while a lower rate can be used to signal a more expansive policy (How the Fed Guides Monetary Policy, 2011). All financial institutions, whether or not they are members of the Federal Reserve System, must set aside a percentage of their deposits as reserves to be held either as cash or as reserve account balances. The Federal Reserve sets these requirements for all commercial banks, savings banks, savings and loans, credit unions, and U. S. branches and agencies of foreign banks (How the Fed Guides Monetary Policy, 2011). This tool is the least common used of the three. There are two kinds of assets that banks can count toward meeting the required reserve. The first is valued cash such as currency and coins. The second, and largest, consists of funds the bank has on deposit with its direct Reserve Bank (Amacher Pate, 2012). A change in the reserve ratio is rarely made and when a change is made it usually is in small amounts. A reduction in the ratio usually has a double impact on the money supply. First, it converts some required reserves into excess reserves. Second, it increases the size of the deposit multiplier (Amacher Pate, 2012). An increase in the reserve ratio works in the opposite way. The interest rate the Fed charges a bank is the discount rate (Amacher Pate, 2012). The higher the rate, the less likely banks are to borrow. The discount rate acts more as a function than a tool in monetary policy. An increase in the discount rate indicates to banks that the Fed wants cool down the economy by reducing bank lending. An increase indicates the Fed’s desire to stimulate the economy. The Fed most likely would increase the discount rate when conducting monetary policy because by doing so, it would keep banks from using this source before turning to other less expensive alternatives. Whether or not the Fed wants to buy or sell government securities depends on this; whether or not they want the funds rate to rise or fall. If the fed wants the funds rate to fall, it will buy government securities from a bank. What happens is that the Fed then pays for securities by increasing the bank’s reserves (frbsf. org, 2011). The banks will then have more reserves than it wants. Then the Fed can lend these unwanted reserves to another bank. If the Fed wants the funds rate to rise, then the opposite will happen. It will sell the government securities. The fed receives payment in reserves from the banks, which will lower the supply of reserves in the banking system (frbsf. org, 2011). To tighten money and credit in the economy, the Federal Open market Committee (FOMC), directs the New York trading desk to sell government securities, collecting payments from banks by reducing their reserve accounts. With less money in these reserve accounts, banks will have less money to lend, interest rates will increase and consumer spending will decrease. This will have a negative effect on the economy. Some may argue that there can be too much expansionary monetary policy. If the Fed stimulates the economy too much, that could trigger inflation. Inflation is when prices rise above the 2 inflation target that the Fed has set. What happens is that consumers will start buying immediately in order to avoid higher prices in the future. This raises the demand which will cause businesses to have to hire more workers to produce the product. The additional income will allow consumers to spend more which in turn will stimulate more demand. This will cause businesses to start raising prices because they know that they will not be able to produce enough. They will also raise prices because they know that their costs will rise as well. This is what will cause an increase in inflation. During a recession, the government will implement expansionary economic policies. One type of policy conducted is fiscal policy. This policy consists of changes in taxes and government spending in order to stimulate the economy. The other is monetary policy, which is when a central bank, such as the Fed, uses tools to stimulate the economy. Both of these policies have been and will be used in the future to stabilize the economy.

Analysis of the Hotel industry in UAE

Analysis of the Hotel industry in UAE Introduction The service sector to be precise is bound to expand further from the current standing due to huge global economic growth in the areas of travelling, hospitality, hotels and recreational services that defines the hotel industry. It is being observed that economic activities within the realms of the hotel industry also and the investment made in that regard is huge and booming. These factors foster the growth element of the hospitality industry. Above all, the increasing numbers of global travelers in the backdrop of tourism and its booming growth poised the way for the hospitality industry to benefit tremendously. The economic aspects and its consideration in that regard as far as activities encompassing the hospitality industry thus are flawless and immeasurable as far and growth factor is concerned and the economic aspects in that regard. But often we wonder as to what defines the hotel industry or let say, hospitality industry for that matter? In general hotel industry is a broad c ategory and includes the service industry at large covering the category of lodging, restaurant, recreation and many more. The hospitality industry on a global scale is a huge. There is high instance of economic activities going on within the global hospitality industry. Due to the growth in tourism, recreational services and lodging as well as food chains and increasing number of restaurants, the global domain of hospitality industry present a huge economic avenue for all kinds of opportunities, be it investment, financing or the factor which also drives the construction sector in the economy of the world. Above all, employment opportunities also are huge in the hotel industry on a global scale. (Economy-Watch) There is no doubt in that regard, since the hotel industry encompasses all features of the service sector. Summing it all up and when we focus our attention to the hotel/hospitality industry in UAE also we feel that there are many interesting details to research about, especially the growth component of UAE hospitality industry in the current schemes of things. Literature Review First and foremost it should be understood that the very idea of hotel industry in general is a playground of huge economic activities. As we can observe, international industry presents a refined form of globalization and its influence in almost all sector and industries. The significant part is that globalization has opened up an avenue and numerous opportunities for hotel industry to reap the benefit from. Global Hospitality Industry Hospitality to be correct is much broader in scope. Some people do have a misplaced understanding as to what is hospitality industry.   The general perception of hospitality means the realms of hotel and restaurant. This is not wrong or incorrect to be precise, however, hospitality industry and its scope is broader and includes all features of entertainment and other aspects that amount towards serving guest and reception of visitors with liberty and good will. (Clayton W. Barrows, 2008 , p. 4) According to scholars and observers, they are of the opinion that the global hospitality industry is bound for a major boom and growth, due to increase internationalization of businesses and the worldwide presence of variety of services in the backdrop of globalization and its impact. An economic aspect that covers the range of activities within the hotel industry also is garnering steam. (Yu, 1999 , p. 3) In the current scheme of things it is said by experts that the global hospitality industry is on a growth path. Demands in the industry as far as service components encompassing hotel industry also is huge, which further boost the growth element to the point that meeting the demand seems to pose many issue when viewed from a business perspective and as far as operation goes. (ErnstYoung, 2011) Nonetheless, it also should be understood that ‘hospitality is the very important component of the service industry in any of the country national economy.† (Yu, 1999 , p. 4) Speaking of the hotel industry, it should also be understood that the components which feature the hotel industry can be classified and divided into two main segments, namely (i) Entertainment area (ii) Accommodation and Lodging. (Economy-Watch) Entertainment Areas: in the Entertainment Area, the hospitality services includes, clubs, bars, restaurants, casinos, and other forms of entertainment such as event planning and the likes, which are some example mentioned herein. (Economy-Watch) Accommodation and Lodging: On a larger note though, Accommodation and Lodging area of the hotel industry includes houses for rent, hotel accommodation, resorts, serviced apartments and also extend its range to motels, which are a factor of attraction for traveler due to the cost factor and comfy accommodation on a first come, first serve basis. (Economy-Watch) Apart from these and within the components of the hotel industry in the global scale, the very object of tourism also finds a pale of consideration. The structure of tourism and its components to a great extent defines the very object of hospitality industry. What is all about tourism and is feature can be measured within the realms of its components that includes providing tourist with comfy accommodation when it comes to their stay be it hotel, motel, lodges, guest houses furnished apartments or any other hospitality services. (Andrews, 2007 , p. 30) For this very reason we see as to why the tourism sector at most instance are in tie up with major hotels and accommodation providers and also with tour and traveler providers and thus boosting the growth of global tourism. Above all, it should not be forgotten that the hospitality industry is a huge employer, when compared and contrasted in context of the industry at large. Employment opportunities in the backdrop of booming global to urism and increasing and mushrooming international business provide a huge avenue for fresh graduate and those who are specially trained in the hospitality management aspects. Hospitality Industry in UAE According to reports, it states that the hotel industry in UAE and in particular to its Trucial state Dubai is very competitive. Dubai and UAE in particular defines the landmark for all kinds of luxuries. Hence, when it comes to hotel industry, it is not surprising to see that UAE in that regard boast of a huge avenue and booming scenario of Hotel industry. One example of it can be looked in respect of the Dubai Marina Hotel and Resorts that are a delight global travelers and frequent traveler who is in search of luxury. (Boermeester, p. 52) To understand the very component encompassing the hospitality industry in UAE and in particular in Dubai, we feel that observing the development projects in the tourism industry and increasing construction for tourism attraction in recent time can be effective. One example to list in that regard can be looked in respect of the Palm Spring Island, and the Burj Al Arab Hotel that was opened and operated since 2009, and boast itself with a seven star class, and which we proclaims to one amongst the luxurious hotel on the global scale. (Ahmed Hassanien, 2010 , p. 14) Objectives, Scope and coverage This report and its study overall is focused and limited to the ‘hotel industry in general and the discussion in that regard which also covers the hotel industry in UAE in the last 2 years, starting from 2009 to present. We feel that it is also prudent to define the component of this report overall, that is to say the scope and its coverage. The overall discussion relates: To define, extrapolate and examine the features of what defines the hotel industry on a global scale. An extension to list all the viable and recent data related the growth and booming of the hotel industry in UAE, with its concentration in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, which is central to the discussion of this work. In order to reach to this conclusion and the analysis required herein for the basis of this report and the subject matter requirement, we feel that reliable source and data retrieved from the hotel industry would be viable enough, besides other available literature and information that can be retrieved online. Besides information related to the industry in general and that which is related to the hotel industry in UAE also would be helpful enough to assist the completion of this work and the attempt made in that regard. The main aim and objective of this work is to reflect its discussion and analysis on the hotel industry from an economic perspective. Thus, it is only natural that information to be used herein is directly linked to the hotel industry in general and that which gives us an informative points about the hotel industry in UAE in the current scheme of things. For that reason a brief economic analysis as to the growth factor of the hotel industry in UAE and its comparison with the global hotel industry is also a necessity we felt, which will be covered in this report through a literature review and successive, discussion and analysis, which defines the overall objective of this work in order to reach a conclusive conclusion.   Hypothesis/Assumption of the Report We assume that identifying the main issues to be discussed related to the subject matter ‘hotel industry in UAE is also helpful, which the following paragraph relates to. What defines the ‘Hotel Industry in general? Besides, what defines the components of hotel industry? It is assumed that the hotel industry is one of the fastest growing industries, How far this statement stands true? If, so what are the scopes for its growth for the present and future segment of the industry in general, given the current booming of hotel industry on the global scale? What are the attractive features of UAE hotel industry? How far UAE hotel industry has contributed to the growth element of global hospitality industry at large? What employment opportunities do the hotel industry offers, given that service sector is assumed to be the factor that drive the hospitality industry? Considering these assumptions identified above, it should be further clarified that this work and the overall attempts in parts and full thereof is to trace and examine the features of global hotel industry, with its concentration in UAE hotel industry. Methodology and Data For the purpose of this work, the methodology used herein is divided into the primary and secondary resources. Primary Resources: to be correct, there have been very least instance where the primary resources are used in this report. It wont be wrong to say that the primary resource in all aspects is focused within the data, or economic indicator to the growth element of UAE hotel industry that classifies between Abu Dhabi and Dubai which were accessed online and a helpful companion to trace the real economic indicator. Secondary Resources: Inclusive in this report, is the secondary resource being used, namely news and economic reports that is specifically related to UAE and its hotel industry covering a period of 2 years from 2009 till date. Besides, available literature that is related to the hotel industry and its discussion also have been used extensively in order to structure the report and its discussion overall. The combination of the primary and secondary methodology employed herein has been helpful enough for this work and the attempt made in that regard. However, primary resources and its availability posed many limitations. Yet, the economic report has been feasible to close that gap, which helped in completing the report successfully. Data Tabulation: The Economic Aspects of Hotel Industry in UAE From an economic point of identifying the discussion of the hospitality industry and that which is related to UAE, we see that its growth is booming. There are all kinds of hospitality services in UAE, ranging from budget hotels, 2, 3, 5 and 7 Stars hotel. The latest report available with AmeInfo.com, an online news portal, it highlights that increase of revenue from the hotel industry touched the 10% mark till date counting from the start for the financial year 2011. This research was carried out by Deloitte Touch, a global firm with its specialization in global economic research and risk management. (AmeInfo, 2011) This is one of the latest reports. Despite the gloom and decline in hotel industry revenue in the early part of 2009, UAE today is subject to benefit hugely from the rise in global travelling and tourism attraction in the country. News report available with UAE-Interact also states that Abu Dhabi alone have achieved of hotel guest in the first quarter of 2011 to the tun e of 10%, a huge jump from the global slump in 2009-2010. (UAE-Interact, 2011) The following data analysis would be helpful to understand the Hotel Industry in UAE, which is classified between Abu Dhabi, and Dubai growth projection for the financial year 2011. Data Analysis: Abu Dhabi Hotel The number of guest and visitors who lodge in at most of the hotels in Abu Dhabi and its figures is as follows. Number of Guest and Visitor in Abu Dhabi Hotels 510,114 Year/Quarterly Projection Jan-March 2011 Estimates Rise in Percentage 9% for March 2011 Number of Check-In (Emirate Hotels Combined) 180,931 Number of Guest Nights 1.56 million SOURCE:(UAEInteract.com) Data Analysis: Dubai Hotel When it comes to Dubai hotel though, the following is the data. Dubai Hotel growth Projector 7.9% Hotel rooms/Occupancy growth 76.6% for Jan   2011 RevPar(Revenue per available room for 2011) $102.32 Revenue Increase for 2011 2.6% SOURCE: (UAEInteract.com) In Dubai, there are all kinds of flagship hotels, starting with 2, 3, 5 and 7 starts hotel and resorts. The rise in percentage of room occupancy and revenue by a tune of 2.6% for the financial years 2011 is a positive thing we feel. Such increase says analyst is subject to the rise in global travelers and also the tourism boom just after the global economic downturn. (UAEInteract, 2011) Analysis of Results From the above data tabulation and when considering the hotel Industry alone, we feel that the slump from 2009 global down turn is far behind. Hotels industry in Abu Dhabi and in Dubai is projected for huge increase in revenue; check-in. the increase in that regard also shows a positive development scope. If the indication of the report is anything to go by, we feel that growth projection in the hotel industry in UAE is tremendously huge. The AHIC (Arabian Hotel Investment Conference) 2011 that was held recently also take a stock of the matter of the economic aspects of the hotel industry in UAE. As per the said news reports, it states that the main ingredient for hotel industry in UAE is set to follow within the path of asset management and diversification of product, as   a means and measure to meet the global demand of the hotel industry in UAE. Starting from the year from January 2001 till date, occupancy rate have jumped to 24.1%. This is one of the dramatic developments in the hotel industry in UAE.   In addition, the RevPer (revenue as per available room) for UAE hotel industry also has increased from a mere US$92.46 in 2010 to US$102.32 in 2011. (TTG-Mena, 2011) Rounding our analysis to the above tabular data and in particular to the new report, we feel that UAE hotel industry is heading for a smooth and dramatic recover from the slump it suffered in 2009 global economic downturn. It is not surprising to see the growth, since UAE is known to attract global travelers and businesses for the sheer element attached to its hotel industry. For that matter, UAE today is seen as global destination for all kinds of global events, be it business conference and the likes. Moreover, huge capital investment in UAE in the realms of transportation and infrastructural development of hotels presents an interesting side of the overall story as far as Hotel industry in UAE in concerned. Conclusion From our brief fragmented analysis, we can round up that Hotel industry in UAE is not a mere object to think about. Since the 2009 global economic downturn, UAE have recovered dramatically in all sector of the economy. It is also being observed that hotel industry dont lack far behind in recovery. The UAE government and its initiative to increase and create awareness about various programs, and back-to-back conference that are held in the country as well as tourism development programs and its development have been specific to contribute towards the growth of Hotel/Hospitality industry in UAE. The above analysis which we have defined the very basis of revenue earning for hotels and number of guest and nights stays are some examples of the economic aspects that is generated from visitors who often prefer coming to UAE for all the luxury treatment and preference of 5 and 7 star accommodation. UAE we can conclude presents ‘once in a lifetime opportunity for global globe trotters and business men, who are often seen heading to UAE for all kinds of conferences. To top it all, UAE also boast of major hotels. There are also major tourist attractions in the UAE such as the palm island. Increased infrastructural development and investment made in that regard is positive step taken by UAE government, a actor which also have boost its hotel industry and the national economy besides contributing directly and indirectly to the global economy and hotel industry.

Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay example -- Teacher Education Educa

Teaching Philosophy Statement Most teachers once they begin teaching rarely think about what philosophy they follow, or how they teach. It’s like second nature. A comparison can be drawn from the act of reading. One does not think about how they read, they just read. Teaching is the same. The teacher draws up lesson plans and such, being what they teach, but how to teach the lesson is usually not in the forefront of their thought, especially for experienced teachers. This just comes naturally. The underlying philosophy of how to teach is always present in the teacher’s method however transparent it may become to the teacher over years of instructing. How this process works is like spreading butter on a slice of bread. Philosophy is like the butter knife you use, it can be varied. A spoon, spatula, or even a finger could be used to spread the butter and they all get the job done, just in a different manner. However, the butter and the bread remain constant; they are the teaching materia l and students respectively. The vast majority of teachers do not choose to use one utensil exclusively, they instead use a knife sometimes, a spoon others, or even a finger at need. Most teachers follow a conglomerate of bits and pieces of all the philosophies. This is a very effective approach because all students can learn, regardless of their learning style. The teacher that combines all these methods into a single productive teaching style practices eclecticism. This is my philosophy of the classroom. I believe that all of the philosophies have distinct merits when applied correctly. Also I believe that certain students respond better to certain philosophies of teaching. Jim may disdain all material that he d... ...ehaviorism falls out of importance as the student grows. One major achievement that came from this philosophy is programmed learning. I own a CD-rom study guide for a class that follows the programmed learning study method and it has helped me tremendously on my learning. As a teacher, one must identify their own philosophy and learn how to best utilize it in the classroom. All philosophies are aimed at the best interest of the student. It is the task of the teacher to decide the method by which they wish to accomplish the education of their students. All teachers have to spread the butter on the bread; it is the choice to use the knife, spoon, spatula, or finger that determines our teaching potency. I will choose to use the tools that will spread the butter most evenly and efficiently, for the benefit of the bread, not just by mere favor of a utensil.

Reading Books Essay

Reading a book is one of the best forms of entertainment a person can have. Books can take you places to a time and lifestyle that you will never visit or experience. I remember the old show called â€Å"Reading Rainbow† and it lyrics were gave a very interesting take on books they went like this: â€Å"I can twice as high take a look, it’s in a book A Reading Rainbow, I can go anywhere, Friends to know and ways to grow, Reading Rainbow, I can be anything take a look it’s in a book.† Those lyrics are so true. Reading a book you can read about how life was in the 1700’s up until our generation today. I could be a detective who solves a famous mystery or I could be the killer trying to get away. I can learn to speak another language. There are so many things and topics in reading a book that can change your appearance, your political viewpoints, and change your attitude. Some say that books might become obsolete because movies are made from these books and you can watch the movies in two hours. Watching the movies a person feels that you can get the plot and conclusion of the book in two hours. This is true but for example if it is true life story the movie are going to change some parts of the books to make it more enjoyable, whereas the book is going to give you every detail the author wants you to have. Books gives people a conversation piece just like a movie but the only difference is books can join the world. Movies can’t be seen in some countries but a book can be read. So like the Reading Rainbow says â€Å"take a look it’s in a book†. So in conclusion reading a book is the best form of entertainment. Stephanie C. Williams November 20, 2010

Economics and Prostitution Essay

Introduction: The word â€Å"prostitution† has always confused the minds of people for years. Constant attempts to solve this existing problem have not really given any positive results. For some time the problem was obviously ignored by the government as if it completely did not know what to do with it. In the beginning of the XXI century a prostitute has become one of the most ordinary goods that the market can offer. It is also necessary to mention that the demand on prostitution is constantly growing due to several factors worth of separate analysis. Prostitution has always been â€Å"covered† from the eyes of citizens as is has always been unacceptable. Nevertheless, the problem does not disappear and in fact it becomes even more â€Å"sharp† with time. Of course it is easier to pretend like there is no enormous amount of women and men that have no other way to survive but offering sexual services. Basically, the Law of Canada has not done anything good enough to solve the problem in any way, except causing vagueness in the understanding  of what is legal and illegal in terms of sexual services. Prostitution has a lot to do with the economy, as it is not only its â€Å"dark† side but also the potential legal income, which is always needed so much. So what is prostitution? Does it need economical stimulation or should it be completely prohibited or ignored? And should the economical approach be used to prostitution at all? Prostitution is not and will never be a standard job and this is something that is to be never forgotten. 2. Choosing prostitution as a â€Å"career† opportunity? Read more: Reasons for Prostitution The most horrifying thing about prostitution is that it has become not just a way to make money for starving and homeless people but also a â€Å"career† opportunity for the young generation. Why do our children have to grow up with the notion that prostitution is a source of getting money and surviving in this world? The contemporary world lives under certain regularities. A man has to get a job that will provide him or her with a sufficient amount of money in order to maintain a normal living. So if a person does not have enough knowledge to get this or that job he or she always has another opportunity – to prostitute himself or herself. Prostitution as a primitive was of making money; it is a problem that prevents the society from its perfection and development. Prostitution is obviously a negative phenomenon, demoralizing the society but is has actually become a â€Å"job† for many men and women and this fact cannot remain unnoticed. 2.a. Definition of prosti tution Prostitution does exist and it an unchallengeable fact. It existed since ancient times in different countries, with different social-political statuses. A prostitute is a person who provides sexual services in exchange for money. In other words it is a person who offers sex and gets paid for it. Nevertheless, none of the people providing this type of services are performing a business activity. It is usually believed that prostitutes are women; nevertheless men play an important part in prostitution as an object of high demand, too. Anyhow it is very hard to give a definition to prostitution as a profession, because prostitutes do not pay taxes and do not receive any pension while on retirement. Prostitution is not illegal in Canada and this fact puts it in a very uncertain position in terms of possible â€Å"career opportunities† for the young generation. It is legal to  sell services but it is illegal to buy them – this statement makes many people bewildered. One th ing is certain for sure: prostitution – is an act of selling a person’s body for further sexual services for material compensation. 2.b. Danger of the oldest profession Choosing prostitution as a profession is not rational. Yes, it does bring income and the demand is always high. But what will a prostitute remain with at the threshold of the pension age? This is one of the reasons that many people such as the criminologist Dr. John Lowman argue in favor of its legalization1. Prostitution is considered as a potential source of renewing the budget of Canada. But there are also other reasons for not becoming a prostitute except the tax-pension side of the issue. Many of the prostitutes simply disappear and often become the victims of violence. According to the statistics â€Å"90 percent had been physically assaulted in prostitution and 78 percent had been raped in prostitution†2. Prostitutes do not get the protection the representatives of standard professions do. They can also be the cause of spreading of venereal diseases due to the fact of absence of a proper medical checkup. This â€Å"dangers† put prostitution in the position of the â€Å"risk zone† occupation. No one will argue that choosing an occupation with high risks is not rational at all. 3. Economical approach to prostitution Prostitution is legal in Canada. But it is only formally, because â€Å"pimping and operating or being found in or working in a â€Å"bawdy house† (every place where one or more prostitutes regularly work or where â€Å"indecent acts† are performed) are not†3. Criminal Code sections 210 and 211 forbid â€Å"Bawdy houses† and section 212 foresees responsibility for living on the avails of the prostitution of a person. How should the economical approach be applied to prostitution? Canada’s Justice has put prostitution in a position where is has to be done in certain places without any publicity or in other words it has to respect the moral abutments of the society. If prostitution is to be viewed as a type of â€Å"profession† than it is put on the same level with other taxpayers such as teachers, lawyers and many others. The application of the economical approach means that prostitution has to have a legal status. SO this makes us view prostit ution as a business. A business  activity is an independent activity directed to a systematic income arrival from property use, selling goods, work execution or rendering services registered and stated by Law. So prostitution is a systematic income obtained from rendering a service. Prostitution gets the possibility to exist illegally from the gaps in the Law and the Canadian Law with its semi-legalization does not make it easier to define the status of prostitution in the country. If prostitution is legal than prostitutes have to be 18 years old and have the right to medical and social security. At the same time they have to pay the monthly income tax, which will make the profession less profitable, then it is now. 3.a. Prostitution and economy. The existance of prostitution in Canada still can be explained form the point of the economic approach for Canada has a market-based economy. According to the economic approach both of the sides have to be in profit. Demand gives birth to supply and in this terms prostitution is just the reaction of the high demand of sexual services. So it is about the morality of the society in the first place. Third parties should be completely eliminated from this â€Å"deal†. These third parties, known as â€Å"pimps† or even sex-firms are the ones to be persecuted. Sex-workers have become an integral part of Canada’s society and they even form alliances such as the Sex Worker’s Alliance of Vancouver. The amount of money obtained from prostitution is enormous, so therefore the budget is left without any additional financing. There are only two ways out –either to completely legalize it eliminating street prostitution or to completely forbid it. Prostitution has increased in the last years in Canada. This has a lot to do with the sex-tourists arriving to Canada searching for sexual services. This means that Canada is getting foreign â€Å"deposits† that go to â€Å"nowhere†. Conclusion: Prostitution can be found in Canada’s every corner and especially in its main cities4. Its existance is conditioned by many factors. Canada is offering licensed sex but for some reason the gaps in the law enforcements are so big that it is completely impossible to notice them. In many cases prostitution is the only option of a person and the reaction of the government should not be through the legalization of this option but in the creation of other options of decent money making. The economic approach explains the existance of prostitution because any country is a big market place and is interested in  profit in the first place and Canada in not an exception. â€Å"The communicating law† is not effective anymore. Prostitution needs to be analyzed from every single side and needs a new conception of functioning if functioning at all. The economic approach app lication does not imply that the profit is made on the degradation of the society. And it is obvious that if the sex-workers had education, a place to work and a decent salary they would never have found themselves on the panel and could be their labor would have brought a bigger income for the budget. Canada needs to change the economic approach to the human approach and study everything concerning the prostitution for new.